The police watchdog is investigating an allegation of criminal conduct against officers.
It is not known how many officers in the case are involved or the area the allegation relates to, but the Police Investigations and Review Commissioner (Pirc) said it is looking into claims of "criminal neglect".
It follows direction from the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service (COPFS).
A separate investigation into an allegation of criminal conduct against a serving officer was announced earlier in January.
A Pirc spokeswoman said: "COPFS has instructed Pirc to investigate an allegation of criminal neglect against officers serving with Police Scotland.
"A report on the Commissioner's findings will be submitted to the COPFS in due course."
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